Car Glossary India - Index E

EBD is a technology that monitors the brake force automatically in response to the road conditions, speed of the car, and weight of the car. It works with the help of sensors that observe the pressure on the brake pedal and determine the weight of the car and accordingly applies pressure to the wheel cylinders.

EDL is a kind of differential lock that uses the ABS sensors at driven wheels to find out if one of the two wheels is spinning faster than the other. If one wheel is found rotating faster than the other (i.e. slipping), the EDL system momentarily brakes it. This effectively transfers all the power to the other wheel with more traction.

It monitors the speed of wheels as well as the vehicle and controls the amount of torque supplied to the front and rear wheels by means of an on-demand system.

An ELR locks the seat belts only during an accident or when the vehicle stops suddenly, to prevent the occupant from being injured.

Also known as Electronic Control Module, the ECU consists of an 8-bit microprocessor, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), and an input/output interface. Based on information from the input sensors such as air flow, barometric pressure, engine coolant temperature, etc., the ECU determines optimum settings for the output actuators i.e. fuel injection, ignition timing, fuel mixture, idle speed, etc.

With ESP, it is easier to control a car in formidable situations. ESP reduces the risk of a vehicle’s swerving and improves its directional stability. Detecting the car's intended direction and response, it applies brakes on individual wheels, thereby generating one-sided forces that keep the car moving in the desired direction.