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Why is a turbo charger so special?

Car enthusiasts never tired of talking about the power that their car engines churn out. But when most cars come with ordinary engines, car speed enthusiast would normally go for a Turbo charger.
Everybody agrees that it improves the car performance by 30-40%. But the results vary from engine to engine. It depends on the engine and the way its reacts to the mixture of air and petrol. Turbo chargers particularly boost performance of smaller engines. In diesel engines, they produce less emission and in petrol engines, it helps to gain more fuel efficiency.

Turbo charged engines provide three benefits– emission control, better engine performance and higher fuel efficiency. India continues to be a major market for small cars, and most cars range within 1.0 liter to 2.0 liter capacity engines. The demand for OEM turbo chargers is increasing. For those who do not have a turbo charger, have an option to get it fitted. So all of those small car owners who want to speed over 100 kmph with amazing pick ups need to get a turbo charger. Turbo charger can alter the engine displacement permanently and hence lack of knowledge on how it functions could lead to a disaster.

There are some basic criterions to be looked into before fitting a car with a turbo charger. Single mistake in choosing the right turbo charger could alter the engine for ever.

  1. Ensure that space is available in engine compartment before getting it installed.
  2. Make sure that the ECU has the ability to handle turbo boosting capacity.

  1. Ensure whether the compression ratio is configured to at least 8:5 ratio.
  2. Ensure that the exhaust trim is designed for the engine of your car. Make sure that the fuel injector is larger than its current capacity.
  3. There are two types of turbos. The high quality turbo use ball bearings and water coolant. The base quality will have roller bearings with no water coolants.
  4. Make sure that the turbo has an external/internal waste gate and know at what boost it opens up.

Some of the additional things you need for a turbo-charger are: An intercooler, a radiator, exhaust pipes with a size similar to exhaust port on the turbine and a mild camshaft to reduce valve overlap, a rising rate fuel pressure regulators will help to increase fuel pressure, but may not be required if you have a good fuel pump and a ECU.

A good turbo charger can boot fuel efficiency and engine performance. But this is not required in larger cars, which already come with a huge engine capacity. But make sure that you have the best mechanic to fix the turbo charger else you will remain doing the rounds of the workshop, for a long time to come.