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Pressure Monitoring System - A New Revolution in Car Technology
Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) is an advanced car technology that is used to monitor tyre pressure. This new and advanced technology enhances the safety of the car by warning the driver of the abnormal tyre pressure which can otherwise be dangerous and can even lead to a fatal accident.
History
The history of tyre pressure monitoring system dates back to 1986 when it was first fitted to the Porsche 959. Porsche was the first car manufacturer across the globe to adopt this new and beneficial technology. Later in 1999, Peugeot accepted this as a standard feature for its Peugeot 607 and Renault implemented the same in the year 2000 for its Laguna II.
Gradually, as more and more cars entered the global car industry, the safety standards and measures became more prominent. This eventually helped to widespread the use of pressure monitoring system in Europe and then to other parts of the world.
As time passed by, car tyre manufacturers introduced flat tyres for various car models. The introduction of these tyres further made it mandatory for car manufacturers to adopt pressure monitoring system feature so that the drivers are made aware that the flat tyres have been damaged.
Even in Indian car market, this new feature took its place. In the beginning only few of the luxury cars like Audi A8, Mercedes-Benz S-Class, and BMW 7-Series were equipped with this feature but gradually it shifted to other car segments as well.
Gradually, as more and more cars entered the global car industry, the safety standards and measures became more prominent. This eventually helped to widespread the use of pressure monitoring system in Europe and then to other parts of the world.
As time passed by, car tyre manufacturers introduced flat tyres for various car models. The introduction of these tyres further made it mandatory for car manufacturers to adopt pressure monitoring system feature so that the drivers are made aware that the flat tyres have been damaged.
Even in Indian car market, this new feature took its place. In the beginning only few of the luxury cars like Audi A8, Mercedes-Benz S-Class, and BMW 7-Series were equipped with this feature but gradually it shifted to other car segments as well.
Types
There are mainly two types of TPMS, direct and indirect. The features, specifications and advantages of the two different types are as follows:
Direct Pressure Monitoring System
This type of monitoring system is functional with separate radio sensors for each wheel. Different sensors fitted on each wheel detect deflation and transmits the information to the car driver through radio frequency signal. The signals are transmitted from inside of the tyre to the instrument cluster of the car. These are specifically designed to cope with the changing tyre pressure due to changes in temperature and continuous friction between the road and the tyres.
Direct systems are further classified to battery powered systems and battery less systems. Battery powered systems have some disadvantage over the battery-less systems because of the high maintenance cost. Batteries are chemical systems that require care and maintenance and also deliver poor performance in extreme temperature environments. Another disadvantage of battery types system is the placement of large physical sensors on the end of valve stems or around a rim's centre. In both the placements, the mounted sensors directly influence the wheel balance and get damaged during tyre removal and fitting process.
Direct systems are further classified to battery powered systems and battery less systems. Battery powered systems have some disadvantage over the battery-less systems because of the high maintenance cost. Batteries are chemical systems that require care and maintenance and also deliver poor performance in extreme temperature environments. Another disadvantage of battery types system is the placement of large physical sensors on the end of valve stems or around a rim's centre. In both the placements, the mounted sensors directly influence the wheel balance and get damaged during tyre removal and fitting process.
Indirect Pressure Monitoring System
Indirect systems are those that read signals in the anti-lock braking system. These do not use physical sensors and work on the concept that under-inflated tyres have slightly smaller diameter than normal or correctly inflated tyre. The system uses the rotational speeds of individual wheels to detect tyre pressure. It also used vibration analysis or analyzes load shift effects during acceleration to detect under-inflation of four individual tyres.
The advantage of indirect system over direct system is that the indirect system is free of maintenance. The only disadvantage of indirect TPMS is that the car driver must regulate this advanced system by pushing a reset button.
The advantage of indirect system over direct system is that the indirect system is free of maintenance. The only disadvantage of indirect TPMS is that the car driver must regulate this advanced system by pushing a reset button.
Advantages
The key advantage of the TPMS is fuel saving. This is because the system helps to detect the tyre pressure which plays an essential role in fuel consumption and fuel efficiency. Furthermore, low tyre pressure also results in a number of car breakdowns and car accidents. By ensuring proper pressure, drivers get an opportunity to enjoy a safer drive by escaping the chances of an accident.
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