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Listen to your Car’s Heart
Car engine is the heart of a car. No matter which car is being driven on roads, whether petrol driven, diesel, electricity powered or hybrid, all cars need an engine to move. The primary job of the engine is to convert the energy of the oil and air to kinetic energy and make the wheels move. This article will focus on some basic details of a car engine.
Engine Components
The most common parts or components of the car engine are pistons, valve train, crankshaft, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke. Pistons are attached with the combustion chamber at one end and with the crankcase with the other. These are moved up and down in the cylinder to keep the oil out of the combustion chamber. Crankshaft is attached to the pistons and is used to rotate the straight line motion to rotary heel motion. Valve train regulates the in and out of air and petrol at regular intervals of time. Intake stroke is used to suck air and fuel into the combustion chamber whereas the compression stroke is used for compressing air and fuel. Power stroke is used to ignite the engine and exhaust stroke is used to pull out unused fuel from the engine and emit it in the environment.
The most common parts or components of the car engine are pistons, valve train, crankshaft, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke. Pistons are attached with the combustion chamber at one end and with the crankcase with the other. These are moved up and down in the cylinder to keep the oil out of the combustion chamber. Crankshaft is attached to the pistons and is used to rotate the straight line motion to rotary heel motion. Valve train regulates the in and out of air and petrol at regular intervals of time. Intake stroke is used to suck air and fuel into the combustion chamber whereas the compression stroke is used for compressing air and fuel. Power stroke is used to ignite the engine and exhaust stroke is used to pull out unused fuel from the engine and emit it in the environment.
Engine Types
The most common type of engine used in most of the cars today is the four strokes, spark ignition engine. Apart from the basic components present in the engine, this type also comprises of an injection element, intake pipe and fuel injection element.
Other types of engine used in cars and automobiles are – line engine, V-engine and flat engine. All these engines are classified on the basis of the number and placement of the cylinders. Line engines are those that have 3, 4, 5 or 6 cylinders arranged in a row or line. V-engines are those that are placed in an arrangement forming a V. These mainly use 6, 8, 10 or 12 cylinders. Flat engines are those that comprises of opposite arrangement of cylinders in 4 and 6. These engines are less common and are mostly found in Ferraris, Porsche and Subaru.
The most common type of engine used in most of the cars today is the four strokes, spark ignition engine. Apart from the basic components present in the engine, this type also comprises of an injection element, intake pipe and fuel injection element.
Other types of engine used in cars and automobiles are – line engine, V-engine and flat engine. All these engines are classified on the basis of the number and placement of the cylinders. Line engines are those that have 3, 4, 5 or 6 cylinders arranged in a row or line. V-engines are those that are placed in an arrangement forming a V. These mainly use 6, 8, 10 or 12 cylinders. Flat engines are those that comprises of opposite arrangement of cylinders in 4 and 6. These engines are less common and are mostly found in Ferraris, Porsche and Subaru.
Working of the Engine
All the car engines work on the principle of energy conversion. Most of them use a four stroke combustion cycle to convert the energy of fuel into kinetic energy. The four strokes are intake stroke, compression Stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke.
In the process of energy conversion, the piston is pulled down on the intake stroke to open the intake valve. This helps in pulling the mixture of fuel and air into the cylinder. When the piston reaches the bottom, the intake valve closes and the mixture gets trapped into the cylinder.
When the mixture gets trapped, compression stroke becomes functional. This stroke helps in compressing the trapped mixture by the upward movement of the piston. When the piston completely moves to the top, this stroke compresses the mixture to almost one-tenth of the original volume. After that the power stroke enables spark plug fires that ignite the compressed fuel-air mixture. This ignited mixture further produces vapour expansion that pushes the piston with great force and turns the crankshaft. Turning of the crankshaft provides the power to start the engine.
Again the piston is at the bottom and this pushes the exhaust valve to open. The exhaust stroke expels the gas with a violent force and pushes the piston upwards so that all the exhaust gases are expelled out from the valve.
All the car engines work on the principle of energy conversion. Most of them use a four stroke combustion cycle to convert the energy of fuel into kinetic energy. The four strokes are intake stroke, compression Stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke.
In the process of energy conversion, the piston is pulled down on the intake stroke to open the intake valve. This helps in pulling the mixture of fuel and air into the cylinder. When the piston reaches the bottom, the intake valve closes and the mixture gets trapped into the cylinder.
When the mixture gets trapped, compression stroke becomes functional. This stroke helps in compressing the trapped mixture by the upward movement of the piston. When the piston completely moves to the top, this stroke compresses the mixture to almost one-tenth of the original volume. After that the power stroke enables spark plug fires that ignite the compressed fuel-air mixture. This ignited mixture further produces vapour expansion that pushes the piston with great force and turns the crankshaft. Turning of the crankshaft provides the power to start the engine.
Again the piston is at the bottom and this pushes the exhaust valve to open. The exhaust stroke expels the gas with a violent force and pushes the piston upwards so that all the exhaust gases are expelled out from the valve.
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