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How Far is India with Emission Norms…..
Emission norms are the levels or limit of pollutants permitted for emission by a vehicle. These norms are prescribed under Rule 115 of the Central Motor Vehicle Rules 1989 with a vision to control environment pollution. All the auto manufacturers have to implement these norms before manufacturing any car or vehicle.
The emissions emitted from the vehicles are measured by gas analyzer in case of petrol engines and by smoke detectors for diesel engines. There are many government recognised vendors with models of PUC used for keeping pollution under control. Depending on the environmental condition, these norms have been tightened at various stages of time to keep a check over pollution.
The emissions emitted from the vehicles are measured by gas analyzer in case of petrol engines and by smoke detectors for diesel engines. There are many government recognised vendors with models of PUC used for keeping pollution under control. Depending on the environmental condition, these norms have been tightened at various stages of time to keep a check over pollution.
When India started implementing the norms?
The significant environmental insinuation of cars and other vehicles cannot be denied. With the increasing number of cars on roads, the environment has also become more and more polluted. An urgent need of reducing vehicle pollution calls for emission norms in union with various environment-friendly technologies.
The history of emission norms dates back to 1991, when the first stage came into force. The norms formulated during this period were restricted to petrol driven vehicles. Later in 1992, emission norms for diesel vehicles came into force.
Further to that, a revision of norms was released in April 1995. According to these revised norms, every vehicle in four metros of Delhi, Calcutta, Mumbai and Chennai, had to be fitted with catalytic converters. Even the supply of unleaded petrol was pressurised during the year. This turned out to be significant as the norms were able to reduce emission of vehicles to about 85% for petrol driven and 61% for diesel vehicles as compared to those who followed 1991 emission norms.
The year 2000 modified the Indian Driving Cycle as the norms formulated during this era were similar to Euro I norms which were further revised according to the Euro II emission norms.
The history of emission norms dates back to 1991, when the first stage came into force. The norms formulated during this period were restricted to petrol driven vehicles. Later in 1992, emission norms for diesel vehicles came into force.
Further to that, a revision of norms was released in April 1995. According to these revised norms, every vehicle in four metros of Delhi, Calcutta, Mumbai and Chennai, had to be fitted with catalytic converters. Even the supply of unleaded petrol was pressurised during the year. This turned out to be significant as the norms were able to reduce emission of vehicles to about 85% for petrol driven and 61% for diesel vehicles as compared to those who followed 1991 emission norms.
The year 2000 modified the Indian Driving Cycle as the norms formulated during this era were similar to Euro I norms which were further revised according to the Euro II emission norms.
These norms were forced in eleven cities - Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat, Kanpur and Agra.
Later in 2005, the third stage of emission norms came into force. These norms are still implemented today in all the cities of the country.
Later in 2005, the third stage of emission norms came into force. These norms are still implemented today in all the cities of the country.
Bharat Stage Emission Norms
In India, the Emission Norms that changed from time to time have been named as Bharat Stage I, II & III. Bharat Stage I norms are those that were formulated during the year 2000 and were implemented by all vehicles throughout the country. The permitted level of emissions according to these norms is 2.78 g/km of CO and 0.97 g/km HC + NOX for petrol driven cars.
Bharat Stage II norm is the revision of Bharat Stage I norms during the year 2001. These were implemented only in eleven major cities. The permitted level of emissions according to these norms is 2.2-5.0 g/km of CO and 0.5-0.7 g/km HC + NOX for petrol driven cars whereas 1.0-1.5 g/km of CO and 0.7-1.2 g/km HC + NOX for diesel driven cars.
Bharat Stage III norms were devised in April 2005. These were in accordance to the Euro III standards and are implemented in all cities by all the auto makers. Indian Government is also trying to comply with the emission norms of the European countries. The only difference between Bharat Stage III and Euro III norms is that the maximum speed permitted to a vehicle in India is 90 kmph and 120 kmph for Euro III. The permitted level of emissions according to these norms is 2.3-5.2 g/km of CO and 0.20-0.29 g/km of HC for petrol driven cars whereas 0.64-0.95 g/km of CO, 0.50-0.78 of NOX and 0.56-0.05-0.86 g/km HC + NOX for diesel cars.
Soon Bharat Stage IV is to be implemented in the country for all vehicles across India. These norms have a prescribed level of 1 g/km of CO and 0.10 g/km of HC + NOX. These are more stringent and effective for maintaining the ecological balance.
Bharat Stage II norm is the revision of Bharat Stage I norms during the year 2001. These were implemented only in eleven major cities. The permitted level of emissions according to these norms is 2.2-5.0 g/km of CO and 0.5-0.7 g/km HC + NOX for petrol driven cars whereas 1.0-1.5 g/km of CO and 0.7-1.2 g/km HC + NOX for diesel driven cars.
Bharat Stage III norms were devised in April 2005. These were in accordance to the Euro III standards and are implemented in all cities by all the auto makers. Indian Government is also trying to comply with the emission norms of the European countries. The only difference between Bharat Stage III and Euro III norms is that the maximum speed permitted to a vehicle in India is 90 kmph and 120 kmph for Euro III. The permitted level of emissions according to these norms is 2.3-5.2 g/km of CO and 0.20-0.29 g/km of HC for petrol driven cars whereas 0.64-0.95 g/km of CO, 0.50-0.78 of NOX and 0.56-0.05-0.86 g/km HC + NOX for diesel cars.
Soon Bharat Stage IV is to be implemented in the country for all vehicles across India. These norms have a prescribed level of 1 g/km of CO and 0.10 g/km of HC + NOX. These are more stringent and effective for maintaining the ecological balance.
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